Internal-combustion engine.



5. M. TURNER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG, 10. 190.

98 1,976. Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

1 id -g4 2%? A (7/7, 0% 2] E F 629 'E. M. TURNER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.10.1908.

93 1 99m i atented Aug. 24. 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

ns'rnr. nunnnn'mnnn, or mssnnna, GALIFOBNIA.

j IN ERN L-convenes ENGINE.

I Specification of Letters Patent Patented Aug." 24 -1909- Application filed aagust 10, 1908." Ser ia1=No. 447,849.

-'Be it known that I, ESTEY MURRELL Ton- NEE, a citizen of the United'States, residing at Pasadena, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, haveinvented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, of whlch the following is a specification.

This invention relatesto internal combus bon, receives a preliminary compression, to-- gether with a secondary compression chamer wherein the explosive mixture of air and hydro-carbon 1s compressed.

A further object of the invention is toprovide an improved mixing valve between the primary or air-compressing chamber and ghe secondary or mixture compressing cham- A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved means of actuating the inlet and exhaust valves common to such engines, wherein the operating parts or cams are held in closed chambers capable of being filled with lubricants.

Wlth the above and other objects in view as will become hereinafter a parent, the inventlonconslsts 1n genera 01 Va cylinder wherein is mounted a reciprocating piston,

. acrank case held at the lower or front end of said cylinder and closed with the exception of valved inlet and outlet ports, said crank case acting as an air-compressing chamber, valved inlet and outlet ports to the back end of said cylinder, a secondary compression chamber'extendm from the outlet port of the crank case to t e inlet port of the cylinder proper, an improved mixing valve held between, the primary and secondary comressing chambers, closed cam chambers ormed on the sides of said crank case, valve rods connected to the inlet and outlet valves of the cylinder and extendin within said cam chambers, and cams hel in said cam chambers to actuate said inlet and outlet valves.

The invention further consists in certain the bottom wa novel details of construction and combination of parts, hereinafter fully described,

illustrated in the accom anying drawings, and specifically set forth-1n the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, like characters of reference indicate like parts the several views, and :-Figure 1 is a transverse section through an engine constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a partial side elevation showing the gearing actuating 'thec'am shaft. Fig. 3 is a horizontal' section on the line AB"' of" Fig. 1.

4 is a detailed section through the mixing valve. g

The numeral 10 indicates the eylinder of the engine'wherein is mounted a piston 11, of the ty e usual in internal combustion en- 'gines.

pon the lower or front end'of' the cylinder 10 is held a crank case 12 provided with suitable bearings 13 for the shaft 14.

These bearings are preferably provided with stuffing boxes of any ordinary form, in

order. to make the crank case air-tight.

-With the crank-case 12 is the crank 16, and

a piston rod or itman 17, serves to-connect the crank 16 wit the piston 11. The upper or back end of the cylinder is provided with two laterally disposed chambers whereof 18 forms an exhaust= 'assage and 19 forms an inlet passage, Va ve-seats 20 are formed in each of these chambers and-an exhaust valve 21 is held to close the exhaust passage 18, while a similar valve 22 is held to close the inlet passage 19. The chambers 18 and 19 are each provided with openings 23, dis osed -o posite the valve seat 20 and of suc size t at the valves 21 and 22 may be removed therethrough. These openings 23 are each provided with a suitable closure 24, referably in the form of a screw-threade plug. The exhaust passage 18 is continued below the valve seat 20 to form an auxiliary exhaust passage 25 and in like manner? the inlet passage 19 is continued downward to form a passage 26, which latter passage acts as an extension of the secondary compression chamber, hereafter to be described. The passage 25 freely communicates with the atmosphere through a suitable port 27. Valve stems '28 are connected to the valves 21 and 22 and extend downward through guides orbearin s29, formed integrally with of the passages 25 and These valve stems 28 terminate a short distance below the lower or forward ends of the guides 29.

' cams there is rovided on the shaft 1j4'a gear various parts may be isassembled without valve casing closed. A second opening 47 connected to the port 58 and to the valve On the exterior of the crank case 12, and

these chambers 30 is" provided in the side thereon.

These liftrods 37 are shafts 32.

openin 41 in one side thereof, wherein is oin alinement withth'e chambers 18 and 19 is formed a pair of chjambers 30. Each of wallswith bearings 31, through which pass cam shafts 32 havin cams 33 mounted These cham ers are further provided with open sides which are normally closed by means of cover-plates 34. In the upper or rear ends of each of these chambers is an opening 35, wherein'is held a gulde 36, having a lift rod 37 slidably mounted therein in allnement with the valve stems 28. rovided each with' a wiper foot 38, arrange to lie in the paths of the came 33. In order tov actuate these 39 and on eac of the shafts 32 a gear 40, the latter being of twice the diameter of the gear 39, so that two revolutions of the shaft 14 cause but one revolution of each of the It is to benoted that the lift rod 37 and the valve stems 28 have their ends in j uxtaposi tion but are not in any way connected, this arrangement being ado ted in order that the disturbing other parts not requiring renewal or repair.

The crank case 12 isprovided with an sitione a valve casing 42, carryinlg a va ve 43, arranged to o englnwardl he valve casing 42 1s provi ed with a va ve'stem guide 44 wherein moves a valve stem 45 conneeted to the valve 43. A s ring 46 is held upon the outer end of the valve stem and serves to normally hold the inlet port formed by the is formed in the crank-case 12, and in this opening is positioned a valve ca'sing 48. A valve seat 49 is formed in this valve casing and adjacent the valve seat is a channel 50, rovided with a plurality of apertures 51, eading from the channel to the valve seat. A suitable pipe connection 52 is provided on this valve casin and has a port 53 communicating with t e channel '50. Upon this connection 52 is mounted,a pipe, not deemed necessary here to be shown, which in turn communicates with a suitable source of hydro-carbon supply, also omitted from the drawings as bein immaterial to the correct understanding 0 the invention. A valve 54, dprovided with a stem 55, moving in a gui e 56, is held within this valve casing and opens outwardly from the crankcase 12. A spring 57 normally serves to holdthe valve 54 u on the seat 49 and close the port formed by t e valve casing aswell as the apertures 51 leading from-*the channel 50. The chamber 26, above referred to, is provided with a port 58; and an auxiliary or explosive mixture compression chamber 59 is combustionchamber vat the upper end or the explosive mixture is forced into the comcasing 48 by meansof suitable unions 60, or

such other connection as may be'deemed case it is to be observed that the explosive mixture may be regulated to a nicet In the o eration of the invention fiat it be assumed that the piston is moving on the working stroke, or toward the loweror front end of the cylinder. This downward'movement compresses the air in ithe crank case and forces it through the valve casing'48, at

the same time slightly closing the valve 43. As the air rushes through the valve casing 48 it passes around the valve 54 and "carries with it into the chamber 59 acertain amount of hydro-carbon which is thoroughly mixed with the air by reason of- .the numerous apertures 51 leading from the channel. 50.' In the meantime, as the pressure on the ulpper side of, the valve 22 is greater than t at on the lower side, the valve 22 remains 3 i closed, and the charge undergoes a preliminary com ression in the chamber 59. Upon the comp etion of the downward movement of the plston it starts backward and at the same time the cam 33 actuating the exhaust valve 31 opens this valve and the exhaust gases are swept out through the chamber 18 and vthe passage 25. Simultaneously with this operation the valve 43' opens byreason of the suction caused by the piston moving u ward, and the valve 54 is closed. A fresh 0 arge of air is thus drawn into the crank case -12. Upon the next forward stroke of the piston or suction stroke, the cam 33 of the exhaust Valve will have revolvedsufi'i-Z cient'ly, to permit this valve to again seat itself, and the cam 33 of the inlet valve 22 will have revolved to open said inlet valve. The compressed explosive mixture in the chamber 59 is thus permitted to enter the rear of the cylinder, and at the same time the air in the crank case 12 is forced through the valve casing 14 and an added charge of bustion chamber. Upon the next upstroke of-the piston, or what is known as the compression stroke, the charge admitted through the valve 22 is compressed and fired in any .of the usual manners, and the cycle begins again.

It is obvious that many minor.changes may be made in the form and construction of the invention without departing from the material principles thereof. It is not therefore desired to confine the invention to the asneve exact form herein shown and described, but

valve, controlling the inlet port of the crank it is wished to include all such as properly i case, a valve seat formed in the outlet port come within the scope thereof.

Having thus described the invention,what h is claimed as new is:

of the said crank case provided with. a hydrocarbon channel formed in the body of the chamber around said valve seat and having a 1. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of apertures opening therethrough,

cylinder provided with a combustion chamher having valved inlet and outlet ports, a piston held to reciprocate in said cyhnder, a crank case at the end of said cylinder forming a primary compression' chamber and provided with inlet and outlet ports, a secondary compression chamber connected to the outlet ort of the crank case and the inlet port o the cylinder, and a full inlet to said secondary compression chamber.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a combustion chamber having inlet and exhaust ports, valves controlling said inlet and exhaust ports, a crank shaft, a pair of cam shafts, gears connecting said crank shaft and cam shaft, a cam on each of'said crank shafts to actuate the aforesaid valve, means actuated by said cams to open said inlet and exhaust Valves, avcrank case at the end of said cylinder, forming a primary compression chamber, and provided with inlet and outlet ports, spring-closed valves for said inlet and-outlet ports, a secondary compression chamber connected to the outlet port of the crank case and the inlet port of the cylinder, and means controlled by the outlet valve of said crank case to admit the hydrocarbon through the secondary compression chamber.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a combustion chamber having valved inlet and exhaust ports, a piston held to reciprocate in said cylinder, a crank case at the end of said cylinder forming a primary compression chamber and provided with inlet and outlet ports, a secondary compression chamber connected to the outlet ort of the crank case and the inlet port of the cylinder, a spring-closed inlet plurality a spring-closed outlet valve arranged to close said outlet port and apertures, and mechanical means to actuate the inlet and exhaust valves of the combustion chamber.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder provided with a combustion chamber having valved inlet and exhaust ports, a piston held to reciprocate in said cylinder, a crank case at the end of said cylinder, forming a primary compression chamber and provided with inlet and outlet ports, a secondary compression chamber connected to the outlet ort of the crank case and the inlet port 0 the cylinder, a spring-closed inlet valve controlling the inlet port of the crank case, a valve seat formed in the outlet port of said crank case provided with a hydrocarbon channel formed in the body of the chamber around said valve seat having a of apertures opening thereto, a spring-closed outlet valve arranged to close said outlet port and apertures, a crank shaft, a pair of cam chambers, a cam shaft carrying a cam held in each of said cam chambers,

valve stems connected to the inlet and exhaust valves of said cylinder, lift rods held in alinement with said valve stems and passing into said cam chambers, and gears on said cam shaft and crank shaft to actuate said cams and control the inlet and exhaust valves of said cylinder.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aflixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ESTEY MURRELL TURNER.

Witnesses HARRY JOHN BERNHARD, FRANK B. GaYLoRD. 

